Home>Homework Answsers>Nursing Homework Help Week 1: Introduction To Epidemiology And Population Health Imagine Walking Out
Home>Homework Answsers>Nursing homework help Week 1: Introduction to Epidemiology and Population Health Imagine walking out of your home to a chaotic scene of disaster relief personnel dressed in hazmat suits
Hollywood has long played upon fears of a catastrophic epidemic with movies such as Outbreak (1995) and Contagion (2011)
In films such as these, the protagonist races to identify the origin of a fast-spreading disease, determine the potential course of the outbreak, and develop a method to control the spread of harm
Although these films are designed to entertain, they show how epidemiologic methods can be used to analyze and control a health event that has the potential to debilitate a large population
It is important to note, however, that epidemiology relates to more than just acute outbreaks of illness; it addresses many chronic population health problems that nurses and health care professionals deal with every day, such as obesity, cardiovascular disease, and cancer
This first week of the course introduces the principles of epidemiology, as well as how epidemiology is used to study and address population health problems
As a nurse engaged in advanced practice, it is essential that you understand these concepts and appreciate the importance of epidemiology
This week, you will examine one of the great success stories of the application of epidemiology to improve population health: the eradication of smallpox
You use this historic example to explore current population health problems, and you will consider how epidemiologic principles can be applied to address them
Finally, you will begin to consider the cost effectiveness of addressing a health problem at the population level versus the individual level
Learning Objectives Students will: · Apply principles of epidemiology to population health problems · Evaluate cost effectiveness of population health care versus individual health care Learning Resources Required Readings Friis, R
H
, & Sellers, T
A
(2021)
Epidemiology for public health practice (6th ed
)
Jones & Bartlett
Chapter 1,History and Scope of Epidemiology Epidemiology is defined and introduced in Chapter 1
This chapter also presents an interesting historical overview that explains the emergence of the field
Chapter 2,Practical Applications of Epidemiology (pp
52-85) The assigned section of Chapter 2 addresses several uses of epidemiology
Nash, D
B
, Skoufalos, A
, Fabius, R
J
& Oglesby, W
H
(2021)
Optimistic culture for healthCare: Population health from philosophy to practice
In Population health: Creating a culture of wellness (3rd ed
, pp
xviii-xxxii)
Jones & Bartlett Learning
In this introductory section, Dr
Stephen Klasko challenges us to stop talking about population health and make it happen! He guides us through the various issues facing us today and the challenges we face in bringing knowledge to practice
Nash, D
B
, Skoufalos, A
, Fabius, R
J
& Oglesby, W
H
(2021)
The population health promise
In Population health: Creating a culture of wellness (3rd ed
)
Jones & Bartlett Learning
In Chapter 1, the authors examine the promise of population health
They discuss the current state of population health and introduce the initiatives guiding current public health efforts
The four pillars of population heath a) chronic care management, b) quality and safety, (c) public health, and (d) health policy are explored in relationship to education and practice
Nash, D
B
, Skoufalos, A
, Fabius, R
J
& Oglesby, W
H
(2021)
Building cultures of health and wellness within organizations
In Population health: Creating a culture of wellness (3rd ed
)
Jones & Bartlett Learning
In Chapter 14, the authors explore how a culture of health and wellness can contribute to supporting health initiatives within organizations
They introduce the components of a benchmark organization
Larkin, H
(2010)
Managing population health
Hospitals & Health Networks, 84(10), 28-32
This article uses examples from a diabetes pilot program to demonstrate the value of population health management
The author discusses how the application of individual patient interventions can positively affect the entire target population, as well as improve the cost effectiveness of management programs
Center for Global Development
(n
d
)
Case 1: Eradicating smallpox
Retrieved March 5, 2012, from http://www
cgdev
org/doc/millions/MS_case_1
pdf This reading presents the eradication of smallpox in the form of a case study
Many lessons can be learned from the successful global effort to eliminate smallpox
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
(2011)
Morbidity and mortality weekly report
Retrieved from http://www
cdc
gov/mmwr/ The Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report (MMWR) is a weekly epidemiological report distributed by the U
S
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) to provide, according to the MMWR website,timely, reliable, authoritative, accurate, objective, and useful public health information and recommendations
It is one of the most important sources of timely public health data published anywhere
World Health Organization
(2001)
Smallpox
Retrieved from http://www
who
int/topics/smallpox/en/ The World Health Organization provides a succinct overview of the eradication of small pox and its impact on population health
Note: Explore population health issues presented at the websites below as you prepare for this weeks Discussion and Assignment: American Public Health Association
(2011)
Retrieved from http://www
apha
org/ Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
(2011)
Retrieved from http://www
cdc
gov/ Food and Agricultural Organization of the United Nations
(2011)
Retrieved from http://www
fao
org/index_en
htm U
S
Food and Drug Administration
(2011)
Retrieved from http://www
fda
gov/ Healthy People 2020
(2011)
Global health
Retrieved from http://healthypeople
gov/2020/topicsobjectives2020/overview
aspx?topicid=16 U
S
Food and Drug Administration
(2011)
Public health focus
Retrieved from http://www
fda
gov/NewsEvents/PublicHealthFocus/default
htm Required Media Laureate Education (Producer)
(2012)
Epidemiology and population health: Introduction to epidemiology and population health [Video file]
Baltimore, MD: Author
Note: The approximate length of this media piece is 6 minutes
In this weeks program,Introduction to Epidemiology and Population Health, Dr
Hull and Dr
Frerich introduce foundational concepts related to epidemiology, noting that this scientific arena focuses on the study of human populations rather than individuals
Accessible player –Downloads– Download Video w/CC Download Audio Download Transcript Laureate Education (Producer)
(2012)
Epidemiology and population health: Epidemiology in nursing practice [Video file]
Baltimore, MD: Author
Note: The approximate length of this media piece is 4 minutes
InEpidemiology in Nursing Practice, Dr
Rebecca Lee, Dr
Donna Shambley-Ebron, and Dr
Missie Willmarth discuss how epidemiology is utilized in nursing practice and, in particular, why it is salient for DNP-prepared nurses
Accessible player –Downloads– Download Video w/CC Download Audio Download Transcript Credit: Provided courtesy of the Laureate International Network of Universities
Optional Resources Long, D
A
, & Sheehan, P
(2010)
A case study of population health improvement at a Midwest regional hospital employer
Population Health Management, 13(3), 163-173
Oudin, Ã
ström D
, Bertfil, F
, & Joacim R
(2011)
Heat wave impact on morbidity and mortality in the elderly population: A review of recent studies
Occupational and Environmental Medicine, 69(2), 99-105
Excite
(2004)
An introduction to epidemiology
Retrieved from http://www
cdc
gov/excite/classroom/intro_epi
htm Discussion: Epidemiology and Population Health Reflect on your nursing practice for a moment
If you could wipe out one illness, what would it be? How would that impact not just an individual patient, but your entire patient population? What would be the long-term benefits of eliminating that one illness? The eradication of smallpox by 1979 provides an excellent example of this scenario
This eradication came about as a result of global collaborative efforts involving many countries and organizations, as well as the application of epidemiologic methods
In spite of high initial financial costs, it is estimated that millions of dollars continue to be saved around the world each year as a result of the eradication of this disease
The eradication of smallpox illustrates the rich history of epidemiology and demonstrates the cost/benefits and implications of improving health at the population level
The application of epidemiologic methods and principles to other critical population health issues continues to play an essential role in improving health and health outcomes
For this Discussion, you will identify a current population health problem, and you will examine how, and if, the problem is being addressed through the application of epidemiologic principles
You will also discuss the cost-effectiveness of dealing with the problem at the population level
To prepare: · Review the Learning Resources, focusing on the smallpox epidemic of the 1960s and 1970s and how health organizations applied principles of epidemiology to eradicate this disease
· In light of this example, consider the cost effectiveness of addressing smallpox at the population level
· Using the Learning Resources, research a current population health problem (local or global)
Select one on which to focus for this Discussion
· Think about how principles of epidemiology are being appliedor could be appliedto address the problem
· What lessons from the use of epidemiology in the eradication of smallpox might be applicable to this selected problem? What are the financial benefits of addressing this issue at the population level as opposed to the individual level? By Day 3 Post a cohesive response that addresses the following: · Briefly summarize your selected population health problem and describe how principles of epidemiology are being appliedor could be appliedto address the problem
· Are there any lessons learned from the use of epidemiology in the eradication of smallpox that can be applied to your selected problem? · Evaluate the cost effectiveness of addressing this health problem at the population level versus the individual level
2 pages in APA and cite at least 5 sources of the given sources in this week
https://www
cdc
gov/mmwr/index
html https://www
who
int/health-topics/smallpox#tab=tab_1 https://www
apha
org https://www
fao
org/home/en/ https://www
fda
gov https://www
cdc
gov https://www
fda
gov/news-events/public-health-focus https://www
healthypeople
gov/2020/topics-objectives/topic/global-health?t Submission and Grading Information Grading Criteria To access your rubric: Week 1 Discussion Rubric Post by Day 3 and Respond by Day 6 To participate in this Discussion: Week 1 Discussion Week in Review This week, you evaluated cost effectiveness of population health care versus individual health care and applied principles of epidemiology to population health problems
Next week, you will be introduced to descriptive epidemiologic research studies and examine the purposes of descriptive epidemiology, which provides a picture of the distribution of disease in terms of person, place, and time
